Which of the following best describes express authority?

The best description of express authority is the active granting of authority to an agent through a written contract. Express authority occurs when a principal explicitly defines the powers and duties of an agent, typically outlined in a detailed contract or agreement. This ensures that the agent operates within the scope of authority granted and that their actions are legally binding on the principal.

This clarity helps both parties understand their roles and responsibilities, which minimizes the risk of misunderstandings or disputes about the extent of the agent's powers. In contrast to other forms of authority, such as implied or apparent authority, express authority is clear, direct, and intentionally conveyed. This characteristic makes express authority a crucial element in agency relationships, particularly in legal and business contexts.